Culture of Belarus (BSSR) in the 1930s. End of "Belarusianization" Automatic translate

The culture of the BSSR in the 1930s was caused by processes that took place on the basis of a variety of opinions in politics, economics, then centralization and unification. The creative person was the least susceptible to unification, and the so-called cultural revolution had to cope with this task.

The turn of the 1920s-1930s was the time of the creation of cultural organizations, the main goal of which was the formation of a new "proletarian" culture. The Belarusianization policy began to curtail. Defending the interests of the population in the field of culture began to be viewed as hostile not only to socialism, but also to the people. As a result, the systematic destruction of the conscious part of the population, in particular, the intelligentsia (the case of the SVB, fabricated by the NKVD). From 1936 to 1938, a second wave of repression swept across the country, in which literature was most affected. Such famous representatives of culture and art as Mikhas Zaretsky, Vladimir Golubok, Maxim Goretsky and others died in camps and prisons. The first president of the Academy of Sciences of the BSSR V.M. Ignatovsky, after being charged, committed suicide. V.I.Pichet, who was a professor and rector of the Belarusian State University, was arrested.

In addition to negative aspects in the cultural development of the BSSR in the 1930s, there were also positive ones: the level of education of the population increased, and the number of educational institutions and research institutes also increased.

In 1929, on January 1, Inbelkult (Institute of Belarusian Culture) was reorganized, the official name after the reorganization was the Academy of Sciences of the Belarusian SSR. Mass repressions affected the following areas: geography, philology, history and others. That is, there were no significant successes in the humanities, as, for example, in the medical, geological and biological sciences.

During the period under review, Belarusian prose writers turned to the theme of civil war, collectivization and revolution. At the same time, attention was paid to the adherents of socialism. In the 1930s, many interesting and fascinating children’s literary works appeared: “TVT” by J. Mavr, “Mikolka Paravoz” by M. Lynkov and others. In addition to the above topics, a significant share in literature and art was devoted to the topic of "enemies of the people", for example, the play "Hto smyaetstsa aposhnim" by K. Krapiva. The turn of theaters to the most relevant topics of the period under consideration occurred as a result of a theatrical discussion held in 1928. In general, the success of any performance depended not only on the quality of the work, but also on the skill of those who played: P. Glebov, V. Krylovich, P. Molchanov and others. Not only literature and theatrical art developed, but also music.The Belarusian State Conservatory began its activity in 1932, where the composer V.A.Zolotarev, who was a student of N. Rimsky-Korsakov, began his musical career.

In the 1930s, in cultural terms, there was also cinema, in which the processes of ideologization and politicization were affected.

In the architecture of the BSSR in the 1930s, a significant place was given to G. Lavrov, according to whose projects the Belarusian Polytechnic Institute was built. In addition to Lavrov, I. Langbarg is known, according to whose projects were built: the building of the Opera and Ballet Theater, the Government House, the House of the Red Army.

In terms of painting, representatives of this trend in art strove to develop a "production" theme. V. Byalynetsky-Birula is known in the landscape genre, portrait - I. Akhremchik, V. Volkov and others.