Arnold Bocklin (1827-1901) – Self-Portrait with Death Playing the Fiddle Alte und Neue Nationalgalerie (Berlin)

This painting is a self-portrait of Arnold Böcklin, a Swiss symbolist painter. In the portrait, Böcklin is depicted with a brush in his hand and a palette in front of him, appearing to be in the midst of creating a work of art. However, looming behind him is a skeletal figure of Death, playing a violin.

The subtexts of this painting are rich and multi-layered, drawing heavily on the symbolism of the Danse Macabre and the memento mori tradition.

• Mortality and the Artist: The most prominent subtext is the inescapable presence of Death (Thanatos) alongside the artist. This juxtaposition highlights the theme of mortality, suggesting that death is always present, even in moments of creation and life. It speaks to the artists awareness of his own finitude and the transient nature of life and art.
• Art as a Defiance of Death: The artists continued work, despite Deaths ominous presence, can be interpreted as an act of defiance. Böcklins focus on his art, holding his brush and palette, suggests that creation and the pursuit of artistic expression are ways to grapple with, and perhaps momentarily transcend, the inevitability of death.
• The Music of Death: Death is depicted playing a violin, a powerful instrument often associated with emotion, celebration, and lament. The music of death could symbolize the finality of existence, a mournful dirge, or even a macabre dance that all must eventually join. The way Death leans in suggests an intimate, almost personal, relationship with the artist.
• Symbolism and the Unseen: Böcklin was a Symbolist painter, and this work is a prime example of his style. The skeletal figure is not merely a literal representation of death but a symbol of the unseen forces that govern human existence. The dark, somber background further enhances the mood of introspection and the confrontation with the unknown.
• Vanity of Artistic Endeavor: Theres also a possible subtext questioning the ultimate significance of art in the face of eternal oblivion. While the artist creates, Death is perpetually present, suggesting that all earthly endeavors, including art, are ultimately fleeting.

Overall, Self-Portrait with Death Playing the Fiddle is a powerful meditation on life, art, and the ever-present shadow of mortality. It challenges the viewer to consider their own relationship with death and the meaning they find in their pursuits.