The Haywain, left wing – Paradise Hieronymus Bosch (1450-1516)

This painting depicts the creation of Eve and Adam, the Fall of Man, and the expulsion from Eden in a single, vertical composition.
In the upper section, God, depicted as Christ, sits enthroned amidst heavenly light and clouds, with a multitude of birds and insects surrounding him. This symbolizes the divine origin of creation and the celestial realm.
Below this, the central part of the painting portrays the Garden of Eden. A central fountain-like structure suggests a pristine, untouched paradise. To the right, Eve is being created from Adams rib by God, with the serpent coiled on a tree nearby, subtly foreshadowing the temptation to come. To the left, other figures engage in various activities within this idyllic setting.
The lower section dramatically depicts the moment of temptation and the subsequent expulsion. Eve, having been tempted by the serpent, is seen offering the forbidden fruit to Adam. An angel with a flaming sword stands ready to expel them from the garden. This scene highlights the transition from innocence to sin and the consequences of disobedience.
The overall subtext of the painting is a theological narrative illustrating the Christian understanding of humanitys creation, their fall from grace due to sin, and the resulting loss of paradise. The abundant use of animals and nature in the garden symbolizes the perfection and harmony that existed before the Fall. The presence of birds and insects throughout, especially in the upper celestial realm, can be interpreted as symbols of spiritual forces or the diversity of Gods creation. The serpent, in its prominent placement and interaction with Eve, is a clear representation of evil and temptation. The flaming sword of the angel signifies divine judgment and the forceful removal of humanity from Gods immediate presence.