Portrait of King James II of England and Ireland Sir Godfrey Kneller (1646-1723)

The engraving presents a formal portrait of a man in regal attire. He is depicted from the chest up, facing slightly towards the viewer. The subjects gaze is direct and composed, conveying a sense of authority and self-assurance. A voluminous wig, elaborately styled with cascading curls, frames his face and adds to the overall impression of grandeur.
The man wears an opulent coat adorned with intricate embroidery, likely symbolizing royal status and power. A heavy cloak or mantle drapes over his shoulders, further emphasizing his elevated position. Visible beneath the cloak is a decorative sash or ribbon, adding another layer of detail to the rich textile arrangement. The presence of what appears to be a crown resting on his head reinforces this perception of royalty.
The lighting in the engraving is carefully controlled, highlighting the subject’s face and upper body while leaving the background dark and undifferentiated. This technique draws attention directly to the individual and isolates him from any surrounding context. The tonal range is limited, relying primarily on shades of gray to create form and texture.
Beneath the image, an inscription identifies the man as Jacobus Secundus Dei Gratia Anglia, Scotia, Francia, et Hibernia Rex, &c. – a Latin declaration asserting his divine right to rule over England, Scotland, France, and Ireland. The inclusion of this title serves not only as identification but also as a statement of legitimacy and sovereignty.
The engraving’s style suggests an adherence to established portrait conventions of the period, prioritizing formality and conveying status through visual cues. While seemingly straightforward in its presentation, the work subtly communicates themes of power, divine authority, and the weight of royal responsibility.