Francesco di Gentile da Fabriano, Italian (active Umbria and Marches), documented 1497 – Virgin and Child with a Pomegranate Philadelphia Museum of Art

The composition presents a devotional scene centered around a maternal figure and a child. The woman is positioned centrally within the frame, her gaze directed downwards with a gentle expression. She wears elaborate garments, richly adorned with what appears to be embroidered stars against a dark blue background. A crimson cloak drapes over one shoulder, adding depth and visual interest. Her hair is partially concealed by a delicate veil, framing a face rendered with subtle modeling that suggests an inner serenity.
The child stands adjacent to the woman, clinging to her arm while reaching for a fruit – a pomegranate – held out by his mother. The infant’s body is depicted with a degree of naturalism unusual for its time; the skin tones are carefully observed, and the musculature is subtly indicated. A golden halo encircles both figures, signifying their sacred status.
Behind them, an architectural structure is visible, constructed from red brickwork and featuring decorative elements that suggest a refined domestic interior. To the right of the woman, several citrus fruits – lemons or oranges – are arranged on a ledge, adding to the sense of abundance and prosperity. The background is rendered with a muted palette, allowing the figures to remain the focal point.
The pomegranate itself carries symbolic weight. It is often associated with fertility, resurrection, and divine love within Christian iconography. Its presence here reinforces themes of maternal care, spiritual nourishment, and the promise of redemption. The child’s gesture towards the fruit can be interpreted as a symbol of his acceptance of this offering – a visual representation of faith and devotion.
The overall effect is one of quiet reverence and idealized beauty. The artist has employed meticulous detail in rendering the fabrics, jewelry, and facial features, creating an image that invites contemplation and inspires piety. The composition’s balance and symmetry contribute to a sense of harmony and stability, characteristic of devotional art intended to evoke feelings of peace and spiritual connection.