Starnina (Gherardo di Jacopo di Neri), Italian (born Gaville, active Florence, Valencia, Toledo and Empoli) documented 1387-1409; died 1413 – Dormition of the Virgin Philadelphia Museum of Art

The composition presents a scene steeped in solemnity and reverence. A central figure lies upon a raised platform, her form draped in rich fabrics that emphasize both her physical repose and the dignity associated with her status. Around this central figure are gathered numerous individuals, their expressions ranging from grief to quiet contemplation.
The artist has employed a hierarchical arrangement of figures. The group surrounding the resting woman is densely packed, creating a sense of communal mourning. Their faces, rendered with varying degrees of detail, convey individual responses to the event – some appear distraught, others seem lost in prayer. A halo encircles several of these individuals, signifying their sanctity and importance within the narrative.
Above this group, bathed in a golden light emanating from an unseen source, stands another figure holding a swaddled infant. This placement suggests a connection between life and death, birth and transition – a subtle commentary on cyclical existence. The presence of palm fronds further reinforces themes of triumph over adversity and the promise of eternal life.
The color palette is dominated by warm tones – reds, golds, and browns – which contribute to the overall atmosphere of piety and solemnity. Cool blues are used for some figures’ garments, providing a visual contrast that draws attention to their roles within the scene. The artists use of light is particularly noteworthy; it illuminates key elements while leaving other areas in shadow, creating depth and emphasizing the spiritual significance of the event depicted.
The kneeling figure at the lower edge of the composition introduces an element of personal devotion. This individual’s posture – head bowed, hands clasped – expresses profound sorrow and supplication. The positioning of this figure also serves to ground the scene, connecting the celestial realm above with the earthly grief below.

The paintings subtexts likely revolve around themes of faith, loss, and divine grace. It speaks to the comfort found in community during times of mourning and suggests a belief in an afterlife that transcends earthly suffering. The visual language employed – the halos, the golden light, the infant figure – all contribute to a narrative that emphasizes spiritual hope and redemption.