Altarpiece of S. Maria delle Grazie, Bergamo – Sts Jerome and Alexander Vincenzo Foppa (c.1427-c.1515)

The composition presents two figures arranged symmetrically within architectural niches, creating a formal and devotional space. On the left, a bearded man is depicted seated, draped in a voluminous red cloak that falls dramatically around him. He holds an open book, his gaze directed downwards, suggesting contemplation or study. A small dog sits attentively at his feet, a traditional attribute often associated with fidelity and companionship. The figure’s aged appearance, emphasized by the grey beard and furrowed brow, conveys wisdom and experience.
To the right stands a man in full armor, holding a banner emblazoned with a red cross on a white field. His posture is upright and resolute, his expression serious and focused. The armor itself is meticulously rendered, showcasing the craftsmanship of its creation. A helmet obscures much of his face, lending an air of anonymity while simultaneously suggesting strength and protection.
The background behind each figure fades into a muted landscape, providing depth without distracting from the central subjects. The architectural framing reinforces the sense of solemnity and reverence inherent in the scene. Below each figure are inscriptions identifying them as S. Jerome and S. Alexander.
Subtextually, the pairing of these two figures suggests a juxtaposition of intellectual and martial virtues. The seated man embodies scholarship, piety, and introspection – a life dedicated to spiritual understanding through study. In contrast, the armored figure represents courage, military prowess, and earthly authority. This combination implies that both intellectual pursuits and physical strength are valuable paths toward righteousness and service.
The dog’s presence adds a layer of domesticity and loyalty to the scholars depiction, while the banner held by the warrior signifies his allegiance and purpose. The overall effect is one of balanced devotion – a visual statement emphasizing the importance of both spiritual contemplation and active defense of faith. The color red, prominent in both figures’ attire, likely symbolizes passion, sacrifice, and divine love.