Max Liebermann (1847 – 1935) – The Flax Barn at Laren Alte und Neue Nationalgalerie (Berlin)

The canvas presents a large interior space, presumably a barn or workshop, filled with figures engaged in what appears to be manual labor related to flax processing. The scene is dominated by a sense of industry and repetitive action. Light enters from a window on the left side, illuminating portions of the room while leaving others shrouded in shadow, contributing to a dramatic contrast that emphasizes depth.
Here we see rows of individuals, predominantly women, bent over machinery – likely flax-spinning or scutching devices – their postures suggesting long hours and focused effort. The arrangement is not haphazard; theres an orderliness to the placement of the workers, reinforcing the impression of a structured work environment. A single man sits at a table in the foreground, seemingly overseeing the operation, his posture conveying authority or perhaps simply rest amidst the activity.
The color palette is muted and earthy – browns, greys, and whites prevail, reflecting the materials involved in flax processing and the somewhat austere nature of the setting. The artist has rendered textures with considerable attention to detail: the rough-hewn wood of the building’s structure, the coarse fabric of the workers clothing, and the fibrous material of the flax itself are all discernible.
Beyond a straightforward depiction of labor, the painting seems to explore themes of community and tradition. The shared activity binds these individuals together, suggesting a collective purpose that transcends individual toil. The traditional dress worn by many of the women hints at a connection to rural customs and heritage. Theres an underlying sense of quiet dignity in their work; it’s not presented as exploitative or degrading but rather as an integral part of their lives.
The composition, with its receding perspective and rows of figures, creates a feeling of both enclosure and vastness. The viewer is drawn into the scene, invited to witness this moment in time, while simultaneously sensing the scale of the operation and the potential for endless repetition. The overall effect is one of understated realism, capturing not just the physical labor but also the social and cultural context surrounding it.