San Barnabas Altarpiece, predella – Extraction of St. Ignatius Heart Alessandro Botticelli (1445-1510)

The scene unfolds within a shallow pictorial space, dominated by a horizontal arrangement that emphasizes linearity and solemnity. A central table, striped in red and green, serves as the stage for a ritualistic act. Upon this table rests a figure, presumably deceased, covered with a dark green cloth that obscures most of the body save for the exposed head and upper torso. The face is serene, almost peaceful, suggesting a dignified acceptance of death rather than suffering.
Two figures are positioned on either side of the table. One, younger and clad in a vibrant red robe lined with fur, leans intently towards the deceased’s chest. He holds an instrument – likely a small knife or scalpel – and appears to be extracting something from the body. The other figure, older and bearded, wears a similar red robe but his posture is one of quiet observation, almost reverence. His hands are clasped in front of him, suggesting prayer or contemplation.
The color palette is restrained, relying heavily on reds, greens, and browns to create a somber atmosphere. The limited use of light contributes to the overall sense of gravity and mystery. Light falls primarily upon the figures’ faces and the exposed portion of the deceaseds body, drawing attention to the central action.
The composition suggests a narrative steeped in religious symbolism. The act of extracting an organ – presumably the heart – implies a search for something essential, perhaps spiritual or symbolic. Hearts were often associated with faith, devotion, and divine love in medieval iconography. The presence of two figures performing this ritual could represent different aspects of piety: one actively engaged in uncovering truth, the other passively witnessing and reflecting upon it.
The horizontal format lends itself to a sense of procession or ceremonial event. It is likely part of a larger narrative sequence, where this moment represents a pivotal point – a revelation or confirmation of faith through physical action. The overall effect is one of quiet drama, inviting contemplation on themes of mortality, faith, and the enduring power of belief.