Extreme accessible to everyone 
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Extreme tourism today is preferred mainly by outdoor enthusiasts with any level of physical fitness. This can be a long walk with climbing mountain peaks, deep diving or a long jump with a parachute. And now we will consider the main and most popular extreme directions in Russia in tourism (sport).
Photo: Denys Nevozhai | Unsplash
Diving (diving) is a recognized and popular all over the world kind of extreme sport. This is not only sport, but also entertainment. Diving into the depths of the sea, you can get acquainted with its inhabitants, see the most beautiful landscapes, feel the freedom and the state of weightlessness. For this sport, as well as for any extreme, it is necessary to be in good physical shape. In Russia, divers can dive in the Black Sea, as well as on the coast of the Taman Peninsula. Ice diving has become especially popular in Russia. The idea is the same as with ordinary diving, the difference is in the landscape, which can be seen under water. When diving under ice, you will not find colored fish, stars or algae, here are beautiful cold ice landscapes formed from ice by streams of water. You can fall under the ice on the lakes of Valdai, the Holy Lake or Ladoga. Some divers also dive into the White Sea.
Tamers of water will also enjoy surfing - skating on water on an oval carbon fiber board. A variety of surfing is windsurfing - riding on the same board, only with fins and with a sail. On a board with a sail with a concomitant wind, you can reach speeds of up to 10-12 m / s. This completely extraordinary sport requires a good reaction and coordination of movements, it develops endurance and challenges the elements. In Russia, amateurs and professionals of surfing can test their strength in the Krasnodar Territory and participate in the annual competitions in Yeysk. You can do kitesurfing on almost all the beaches, the secret is that there is no need for a wave, there is enough wind that will be carried by a kite attached to the board. Despite the relative ease of management, kitesurfing gives no less impressions than regular windsurfing, which also allows you to feel the glide and the strength of the wind.
Fans of thrills can experience water skiing, which guarantee a powerful adrenaline rush, but there is no need for training, a good enough level of general physical fitness. For classes, you will need a life jacket, wetsuit and, in fact, the skis themselves. Cling to the boat and go!
Fans of team water sports will be interested in rafting (rafting on the river), very popular today. Depending on the experience and physical preparation, specialists can offer a route specifically for your level. Therefore, even children can engage in this sport. They are supposed to have special places for rafting, with a minimum of obstacles and a river flow rate. For rafting, Russian athletes will have to go to the Tukinsky National Park on the Irkut River or in Altai to the Katun River. The complexity of the route is determined by the width and speed of the river flow, rapids of varying complexity. In addition to special equipment, athletes will need sunscreen, because alloys usually take place in the summer under a very warm sun.
For tourists who prefer land-based outdoor activities, resorts and travel agencies can offer a worthy alternative to the water species listed above. Equestrian tourism has a particularly positive effect on health, because the main routes of horse travel are in mountain or steppe regions with clean air. In Russia, equestrian tourism has 30 years of history, the most popular resorts are located where local residents have long been engaged in horse breeding: in Altai, Buryatia, Bashkiria, Adygea, Karachay-Cherkessia and Chuvashia. In horseback riding, tourists will have to take care of themselves, as well as take care of the horses. This type of outdoor activity is not suitable for those who are not used to field conditions.
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Long trips can also be done without horses. Trekking or hiking is especially interesting for its simplicity and the ability to be an extreme tourist without any specific skills. However, this type also requires endurance and a certain level of physical fitness, here, as in any other sport and active tourism, there are masters, sports ranks and categories, but this is for especially enthusiastic people. Trekking routes have varying degrees of difficulty, experts in tourist clubs will help you choose a route based on your preferences and physical fitness. Walking tours can be carried out on the plain, in the mountains or descend into the caves. Hiking in the caves is accompanied by high humidity and poor lighting, which makes the trip a sense of adventure, so descents into the caves are especially popular among young people.
Climbing is one of the most dangerous types of extreme tourism, which today is highly developed and has a well-organized infrastructure. Usually, summers are chosen for such hikes, but very enthusiastic natures can go climbing even in winter. Unlike trekking, where the goal is to overcome distances, the goal of mountaineering is to conquer mountain peaks. Beginners prefer to go to the mountains already conquered by many travelers, it is more reliable and safer. Gaining experience, climbers look for unconquered peaks and strive to become discoverers. A favorite place for Russian climbers in the Elbrus region in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, where the pistes are considered the most beautiful in Europe.
“Fast” adrenaline can be given mainly to young athletes and tourists alpine skiing and snowboarding. Mountain sports that are not losing their popularity attract more and more young people. Already, few today did not get up on a snowboard or tried on skiing. Skis give a unique feeling of speed and "crazy" descent. Special physical training is not required here, only dexterity and quick reaction are needed. In our country, snowboarding and skiing can be done in Dombay. This is one of the most famous mountain tourism centers in the Caucasus and in Russia.
Finally, we got to the types of active tourism associated with the conquest of the air element. Let’s talk about parachuting. Parachuting has several types, they depend on the purpose of the jump: it is the accuracy of landing, free fall with the execution of a complex of figures or the execution of figures already with open parachutes. In the last two cases, jumpers must work together as a team and have a lot of experience in jumping. It is possible to make a parachute jump in our country everywhere.
Balloons - a type of tourism is very rare and very interesting. Balloon flights are already available to ordinary tourists at special festivals, they periodically take place at different points in Russia. The best place for flying in balloons is the Abinsky region of the Caucasus.
As you can see, ways to actively and profitably spend a lot of rest. It all depends on your imagination and, of course, financial capabilities. In any case, if you wish, you can choose the type of outdoor activity that suits you and conquer the mountain peaks, and can curb the great power of wind and water. The choice is yours!