The Raising of Lazarus
Jacob de Backer (1555-1591)
Jacob de Backer – The Raising of Lazarus
closed outer panels, oil on panel
Location: Museum of Fine Arts, Ghent (Museum voor Schone Kunsten).
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In the left panel, we observe a central figure standing in a commanding posture. His right hand is raised toward the heavens while his gaze seems directed toward the unfolding miracle. This figure acts as the mediator between the celestial and the earthly. Surrounding him is a group of observers, their faces etched with varying degrees of awe, skepticism, and devotion. In the foreground, a figure kneels in a gesture of profound supplication or recognition, physically grounding the scene in human emotion. The heavy drapery and deep shadows lend a monumental weight to these figures, making them appear almost as if they were carved from stone.
The right panel presents the climax of the narrative: the emergence of a figure from within a tomb. Here, the artist captures the eerie moment of reanimation. A body, partially shrouded in linen, sits upright, its limbs heavy and still transitioning from death to life. The skin appears pale, almost translucent under the harsh light. Surrounding the tomb, several onlookers press inward; their expressions range from horror at the sight of decay to profound wonder. One figure leans closely toward the deceased, perhaps inspecting the reality of the resurrection, while others stand in a state of paralyzed shock.
The subtext of this work revolves around the tension between mortality and divinity. The use of a limited, sepia-toned palette strips away worldly distractions, forcing the viewer to focus on the raw theological weight of the event: the triumph of life over the stillness of death. The physical heaviness of the bodies and the thick, sculptural folds of the clothing suggest that this is not a light or ethereal miracle, but one that carries a crushing, visceral reality. There is an underlying theme of witness; the painting is not just about the act of resurrection itself, but about the psychological impact of witnessing the impossible. The figures serve as proxies for the viewer, navigating the threshold between grief and belief.