St. Apollonia Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640)

The drawing presents a young woman in a state of apparent distress or pain. She is depicted from the chest upwards, her gaze directed towards the viewer with an expression that blends vulnerability and perhaps resignation. The artist employed a delicate charcoal technique, layering strokes to suggest volume and texture, particularly evident in the rendering of her hair. This hair, rendered in loose, curling strands, frames her face and contributes to a sense of fragility.
The woman’s hands are raised towards her chest, one gently pressed against it. This gesture is significant; it could signify an attempt to soothe herself or shield from unseen pain. The lack of detailed rendering of the lower body directs focus entirely on the upper torso and facial expression, amplifying the emotional intensity of the scene.
The artist’s use of light and shadow contributes to a somber atmosphere. Subtle gradations in tone define the contours of her face and neck, highlighting the delicate structure while also emphasizing the pallor of her skin. The background is left largely unrendered, allowing the figure to dominate the composition and intensifying the feeling of isolation.
Subtly embedded within the drawing are hints of a narrative beyond the immediate visual representation. The gesture of holding the chest suggests an internal suffering that may be physical or psychological. The woman’s direct gaze implies a confrontation with the viewer, inviting empathy and contemplation. There is a sense of martyrdom conveyed through her posture and expression; she appears to endure something profound without resistance. The overall effect is one of quiet anguish and stoic acceptance, leaving room for interpretation regarding the source and nature of her suffering.