Totalitarian trends in the architecture of the 20-30s
Automatic translateДворец Советов должен был вознестись на 300 метров с ленинской статуей наверху — но война остановила стройку. Советская архитектура металась между классикой и голым функционализмом: колоннады сменялись высотками, а постановление 1955 года о борьбе с излишествами обернулось полным обезличиванием зданий.
Totalitarian trends are clearly expressed in architecture. At the turn of the 1920-1930s. the initial simplicity of architectural forms, reflecting democratic ideals, was replaced by an appeal to the classical heritage, which to a greater extent could express the achievements and successes of the new socialist construction. An example of ceremonial representativeness is the project of the Palace of Soviets, which won the competition in the early 1930s. The authors of the project B. Iofan, V. Schuko and V. Gelfreich proposed to erect a 300-meter composition, crowned with a 100-meter statue of Lenin. The beginning of World War II interrupted the construction of this facility.
Carrying out repair work requires the release of the premises for a certain time, in such situations it is necessary safekeeping exported furniture, office equipment, valuable interior items, etc. There are a number of companies involved in the provision of such services with the conclusion of an agreement.
In the late 1930s. The construction of the All-Union Agricultural Exhibition in Moscow, the new building of the State Public Library named after V.I. Lenin, where the colonnade became one of the main decorative techniques. In the prewar years, the trends of classicism subjugated the constructivist trend.
In the post-war period, the construction of high-rise buildings began (Moscow University on the Lenin Hills, the Foreign Ministry building on Smolenskaya Square, etc.). Two architectural trends coexisted during this period - the typification of mass housing buildings and the construction of individual pompous structures. In 1955, the party and the government adopted a resolution "On eliminating excesses in architecture and construction", which led to such an extreme as the complete depersonalization of construction. In the 1960s and 1970s gradually moved to a new style, in its simplicity expressing the aesthetic possibilities of modern technology (CMEA building in Moscow, Ostankino 553-meter TV tower).