42 The Seven Virtues: Temperance Giotto di Bondone (1266-1337)

The composition presents a solitary female figure centered within a vertical format. She stands before a dark, textured background that recedes into near-total obscurity, emphasizing her presence as the focal point. Above her head, inscribed in capital letters, is a single word: TEMPERANTIA.
The woman is draped in a voluminous, flowing robe of pale greyish-white fabric. The folds are rendered with considerable attention to detail, creating a sense of weight and movement while simultaneously contributing to the overall impression of serenity and restraint. A simple hood covers her head, framing her face and drawing attention to her expression.
Her countenance is characterized by an almost impassive calm; the eyes gaze directly forward, conveying a quiet dignity rather than overt emotion. She holds a slender rod or staff in her left hand, positioned at approximately waist level. This object appears symbolic, perhaps representing self-control or guidance. The right hand rests gently on the shaft of the rod, further reinforcing an image of measured action and deliberate choice.
The figure is placed upon a low, horizontal ledge painted in muted earth tones. This platform serves to ground her within the composition while also creating a visual separation between her and the dark background. The edges of the panel show signs of age and wear, with areas of flaking paint revealing underlying layers – these imperfections contribute to the work’s sense of history and authenticity.
The overall effect is one of austere elegance and contemplative stillness. The limited palette and simplified forms suggest a focus on inner virtue rather than external display. The figures posture and expression communicate a profound sense of self-possession, embodying the concept of temperance as a deliberate and cultivated quality. The darkness surrounding her serves to isolate her, highlighting her role as an exemplar of moral strength in a world potentially filled with excess or temptation.