Meester van de Barmhartige Samaritaan – De barmhartige Samaritaan, 1537 Rijksmuseum: part 4

The composition presents a scene unfolding along a roadside, dominated by two central figures and their interaction with a fallen man. A bearded individual, clad in elaborate Middle Eastern attire – a turban and richly embroidered cloak – is depicted kneeling beside the injured person. He holds a small vessel, presumably containing oil or balm, which he is about to administer. The posture of this figure conveys both concern and active assistance; his gaze is directed towards the man on the ground, while his hand extends with an offering.
The injured man lies prostrate upon a rocky outcrop, partially obscured by foliage. His body is rendered with considerable anatomical detail, emphasizing vulnerability and suffering. He appears to be in significant distress, leaning against the kneeling figure for support. A scattering of coins rests near him, suggesting a recent robbery or loss.
To the left, a white donkey stands patiently, laden with provisions – a visual cue hinting at travel and perhaps hardship. In the background, a classical architectural structure is visible, along with distant figures engaged in what appears to be hurried movement. This backdrop establishes a sense of civilization and societal context, contrasting with the immediate scene of individual suffering and compassion. A second figure, dressed in red robes, approaches from the right, seemingly observing the interaction.
The artist’s use of light is noteworthy. It illuminates the central figures and the injured man, drawing attention to their plight while casting the background into relative shadow. This contrast reinforces the focus on the immediate human drama. The landscape itself is rendered with a degree of realism, incorporating varied textures – the rough rocks, the lush foliage, and the distant cityscape – to create depth and visual interest.
Subtleties within the scene suggest deeper meanings. The coins could symbolize material wealth versus spiritual poverty; the donkey represents humility and burden-bearing; the classical architecture alludes to established societal structures that may have failed this individual. Ultimately, the painting seems to explore themes of empathy, charity, and the responsibility of individuals towards those in need, set against a backdrop of broader social and economic realities.