Old Woman with a Hen Bartolome Esteban Murillo (1618-1682)

The composition presents a portrait of an elderly woman holding a hen, set against a dark, indistinct background. The subjects face dominates the frame; it is deeply etched with lines and wrinkles, indicative of advanced age and likely hardship. Her expression is solemn, almost severe, conveying a sense of quiet dignity rather than overt joy or sorrow. The eyes are particularly striking – they possess an intensity that suggests both wisdom and weariness.
The woman’s attire contributes significantly to the overall impression. She wears a simple black jacket over a white blouse, with a red skirt peeking out from beneath. A white head covering frames her face, emphasizing its contours and adding to the sense of modesty and traditionalism. The clothing appears functional rather than fashionable, suggesting a life lived close to the land and dictated by necessity.
The hen she cradles in her arms is not merely an accessory but seems integral to the narrative. It’s positioned centrally, drawing attention to the connection between the woman and the natural world. A basket at her side overflows with eggs, further reinforcing this association with rural life, fertility, and sustenance. The hens alert posture and bright eye mirror the woman’s own – a subtle suggestion of shared resilience or perhaps even a symbolic representation of vitality amidst aging.
The artist employed a limited palette, dominated by dark tones that create a somber atmosphere. Light falls primarily on the woman’s face and hands, highlighting their texture and emphasizing her presence. The brushwork appears somewhat loose and expressive, contributing to a sense of immediacy and realism.
Beyond the literal depiction of an old woman with a hen, the painting evokes themes of aging, poverty, resilience, and connection to nature. It is likely intended as a study in character – a portrait not just of physical appearance but also of inner strength and enduring spirit. The work invites contemplation on the dignity of labor, the passage of time, and the quiet beauty found within simplicity.