Each hammer blow – a blow to the enemy (Denis V., Dolgorukov N.) Soviet Posters (1917-1941)

This is a Soviet propaganda poster from 1941 titled Every Hammer Blow – A Blow to the Enemy. The artwork is in a stark, high-contrast style, primarily using red and black.

What I see:

• Central figure: A silhouetted worker, seen from the side, is depicted in the act of swinging a large hammer downwards. He is wearing a cap and work clothes, symbolizing the industrial might and labor force of the Soviet Union.
• The target: To the left, a grotesque, caricatured figure representing the enemy is being struck. This figure is depicted with sharp, angular features, wearing a uniform that strongly suggests a Nazi soldier, including a swastika armband. This enemy figure is shown recoiling in pain and fear, with its arms flailing.
• Symbolic action: The hammer blow is not just hitting the enemy directly; it is also depicted as impacting an anvil. From this impact, a barrage of bullets and bombs is being launched towards the enemy. This visually connects the act of industrial production (smithing at an anvil) with the act of fighting the war.
• Text: The large red text at the top reads КАЖДЫЙ УДАР МОЛОТА-УДАР ПО ВРАГУ! which translates to Every Hammer Blow – A Blow to the Enemy!. This slogan is reinforced both by the imagery and the smaller text below the image.
• Color palette: The use of bright red signifies power, action, and revolution, while the black adds to the drama and visual impact. The enemy is depicted in darker, more menacing colors.

Subtexts:

• The Power of Labor and Industry: The poster emphasizes the crucial role of workers and industrial production in the war effort. The hammer and anvil are symbols of Soviet industry, suggesting that by working diligently in factories, Soviet citizens are directly contributing to the defeat of the enemy. Each product manufactured, each piece of metal forged, is seen as a weapon against fascism.
• Unity and Collective Effort: The solitary figure of the worker represents the collective strength of the Soviet people. The message is that their combined efforts, channeled through industry and labor, are a formidable force.
• Dehumanization of the Enemy: The enemy is depicted as a monstrous caricature, designed to evoke disgust and fear. This serves to dehumanize the opposing forces, making them seem less human and easier to despise and conquer. The rapid series of bullets and bombs emanating from the hammer blow reinforce the idea of overwhelming military power being directed at a weak and suffering foe.
• War as a Necessary Struggle: The poster frames the conflict as a righteous and necessary struggle against an evil enemy. The act of striking the enemy is presented as a form of justice and defense.
• Propaganda Goal: The primary purpose is to rally the Soviet populace, boost morale, and encourage maximum effort in factories and workshops during a critical period of the war (1941, the year of the German invasion of the Soviet Union). It aims to foster a sense of direct participation in the war for those on the home front.