Saints Bartholomew, James the Less and Philip, cartoons for mosaic in Amalfi cathedral

Here we observe a series of three figures arranged vertically, clearly intended as preparatory drawings for mosaic work. The monochrome palette, rendered in what appears to be chalk or charcoal on paper, suggests their function as cartoons – guides for artisans translating the design into durable tesserae. Each figure is presented within an oval halo, a common visual marker denoting sanctity and divine connection.
The composition emphasizes verticality and symmetry. All three saints are positioned frontally, facing the viewer with a directness that conveys solemnity and authority. Their gestures – one raising his hand in benediction, another extending it as if offering something, and the third holding a cloth to his face – are restrained but expressive, hinting at individual narratives without resorting to elaborate iconography. The drapery is handled with considerable skill; folds cascade around their bodies, creating volume and suggesting movement despite the static poses.
The artist’s attention to detail in rendering facial features is noteworthy. Each saint possesses a distinct countenance – one appears aged and weathered, another youthful and earnest, while the third displays an expression of quiet contemplation. These individualized portrayals contribute to the sense that these are not merely generic representations of saints but rather specific individuals imbued with personality.
Beneath each figure, inscriptions identify them: SANC[T] BARTOLOMAEUS, SC[I] MINOR JACOBUS, and SC[I] PHILIPPUS. The abbreviated Latin forms reinforce the intended purpose as working documents for a liturgical context – likely within an ecclesiastical setting.
Subtly, there is a sense of austerity in the work. The lack of color directs attention to form and expression, emphasizing spiritual rather than material qualities. This simplicity aligns with the devotional practices associated with mosaic art, which often sought to evoke a sense of timelessness and transcendence. The overall effect is one of dignified solemnity, reflecting the gravity of their roles as saints within the Christian tradition.