Luis Egidio Meléndez (Spanish, 1716–1780) – The Afternoon Meal (La Merienda) Metropolitan Museum: part 1

The composition presents a still life arrangement centered around a leisurely afternoon meal. A dark, undefined surface serves as the immediate foreground, upon which a profusion of foodstuffs is meticulously arranged. The selection emphasizes abundance and variety: peaches, oranges, melons – both whole and halved to reveal their interiors – grapes in generous clusters, pears, and what appear to be dried fruits or pastries are all present. These items are grouped around a metal bowl containing what seems to be fish, suggesting a more substantial element within the meal.
To the right of this central grouping sits a woven basket, overflowing with linen cloths and tableware – plates and possibly cutlery – further reinforcing the theme of sustenance and domesticity. The basket’s presence introduces an element of implied activity; it is not merely a container but suggests preparation or aftermath of consumption.
Behind the food arrangement, a landscape unfolds. A dense thicket of foliage obscures much of the view, but glimpses of distant hills and a partially visible sky are discernible. The light source appears to originate from this direction, casting shadows that define the forms of the fruit and highlighting their textures. The treatment of the landscape is somewhat subdued, serving primarily as a backdrop rather than an integral part of the narrative.
The painting’s subtexts revolve around themes of prosperity and indulgence. The sheer quantity and quality of the food displayed speak to a comfortable lifestyle, likely belonging to a privileged class. The meticulous rendering of each item – the subtle gradations in color, the careful depiction of textures – suggests an appreciation for beauty and sensory pleasure. There is also a sense of quiet contemplation; the scene feels unhurried, inviting the viewer to share in this moment of repose.
The inclusion of fish alongside the fruits and pastries introduces a layer of complexity. It hints at a broader range of culinary practices than simply sweet indulgence, suggesting a balanced diet or perhaps a display of wealth through diverse provisions. The dark background contributes to a sense of intimacy and focus, drawing attention solely to the objects presented. Overall, the work conveys an atmosphere of understated luxury and domestic tranquility.