Soviet painting of the middle of the 20th century
Automatic translateОт Фаворского и Дейнеки до Глазунова: советская живопись металась между официальным заказом на портреты вождей и попытками художников вырваться за его рамки. Разгром выставки в Манеже в 1962 году на годы определил, каким искусству в СССР быть нельзя.
In the 1930s such painters as V. A. Favorsky, P. D. Korin, A. A. Deineka, and Yu. I. Pimenov are nominated. Their dynamic in composition and monumental in form works perfectly conveyed the symbolism of labor (which was a certain tribute to socialist realism) and the attitude of that era. The canvases of these artists are characterized by spirituality and volitional collection of images.
The fine art of the period of the Great Patriotic War is characterized by a pronounced patriotic theme. The portrait genre is becoming the leading one, but the domestic and landscape genres are developing in one way or another related to the war (A.A. Plastov “The Fascist Passed”, A.A. Deinek “The Defense of Sevastopol”, A. I. Laktionov “Letter from the Front”) For paintings of the war period, distinctive features are laconicism, even posterity.
Late Stalinism left its mark on the development of painting. Many famous artists paint portraits of not only I.V. Stalin, but also “leaders” of local scale. Official party documents demanded to focus on the positive aspects of the life of Soviet society, to cultivate a kind of problem-free life of Soviet people.
You can show your artistic abilities in different ways. for example buy a tray and put a drawing on it in accordance with your taste, paint the door to the bedroom or the wall in the staircase, and you can even chalk on the asphalt…
At the turn of the 1950s-1960s. a “new avant-garde” appears, alternative to official art and trying to oppose conformism in public consciousness. A visit by N. Khrushchev on December 1, 1962, an exhibition of Moscow artists in the Manege was one of the first signs that the attitude of the authorities towards contemporary art would be more stringent. The first secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU criticized the work of "formalists who broke away from the people." For many years, “informal” art was banned, and socialist realism continued to dominate. During the time of “stagnation”, D. A. Nalbandyan became the “court painter”, who created a gallery of portraits of L. I. Brezhnev. Among the official artists, the most famous in the 1970s, one can distinguish I.I.Glazunov, who tried to comprehend Russian and Soviet history in a new way.